The principal role of the judiciary is to protect rule of law and ensure the supremacy of law. It safeguards the rights of the individual, settles disputes in accordance with the law, and ensures that democracy does not give way to individual or group dictatorship. While the laws are important for a society, it serves as a norm of conduct for citizens. It was also made to provide proper guidelines and order upon the behavior for all citizens and to sustain the equity on the three branches of the government.

The legal framework of India is a mixture of civil, common, customary, and religious laws.

Since Independence there have been many amendments made in every branch of Indian Judiciary and law namely Criminal law, Contract law, Tax law, Family law, Labour law, and many more, here we will talk about these branches of Indian Judiciary and law.

1. Criminal Law — The Indian Penal Code of 1860 is considered the backbone of criminal law in India. Jury trials that were earlier held for the decision-making were abolished because they may be influenced by media as well as the public. The Code of Criminal Procedure,1973 provides the procedures for law enforcement.
2. Contract Law — This law revolves around entrance into a contract and the effects of breach of a contract. The Contract Act occupies the most important place in legal agreements in India. It is also known as the Mercantile Law of India.
3. Labour Law — Labour law is a set of very complex laws not only in India but also in the whole world and also in need of reform. It has both collective and individual Labour laws.
4. **Tax Law —**The central government of India levies taxes under the Income-tax act of 1961 while the Sales tax is levied by the State government under VAT legislation. Tax laws are another set of laws that are known for their complexity.

The laws given here are a small part of the Judiciary System of India. There are many laws and 105 amendments that have been made in the Indian constitution up to October 2021, to make a proper system where Justice is provided to every single citizen of India.

The Constitution of India

The Constitution of India came into force on 26th January 1950. At the time of its adoption, the Constitution contained 395 Articles and 8 Schedules and was about 145,000 words long, making it the longest national Constitution to ever be adopted. Every Article in the Constitution was debated by the members of the Constituent Assembly, who sat for 11 sessions and 167 days to frame the Constitution, over a period of 2 years and 11 months. The Schedules to the Constitution, which are now 12 in number, elaborate on government policy or rules in relation to specific Articles of the Constitution.

Voting in India

Voting in India is a Constitutional right if one is a citizen over 18 years of age. However, that also makes it optional. It has been a tendency among voters, especially in the urban areas, to treat the voting day as a day of rest. While skipping the vote may not seem to cause any harm, the long-term consequences are disastrous.

It has become a common ritual to talk bitterly about any candidate or an elected leader of any legislative assembly or parliament. The faultfinding then comes down to the ‘System’ and how democracy is not working as it should. However, very little room has been given to ‘What the people can do to strengthen the democratic roots and bring about a change in the system. Just as it is the responsibility of the elected leader to fulfill the well-being of the voters, the same is the need for the people of India to contribute to choosing the correct leader for their representation.

Democracy has given people a powerful right- that is to VOTE. Voting is the fundamental basis of democracy’s ‘Of the people, for the people, and by the people’ slogan. Therefore, rather than enjoying it as a holiday, one must vote if he truly wants to contribute to the nation-building process and bring about a change. A Citizen should actually not need to find any reason to Vote. It must be done as a compulsive duty although there is no legal obligation to vote.

The Vote turnover in India was around 45.7% in 1951 whereas it stands at 67.4% in 2019. Considering the increase, it definitely is a big achievement for such a democratic country like India but still, there is a long long way to go, and there is an alarming need for awareness regarding voting.